Heterogeneous expression pattern of interleukin 17A (IL-17A), IL-17F and their receptors in synovium of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and osteoarthritis: possible explanation for nonresponse to anti-IL-17 therapy?
van Baarsen LG, Lebre MC, van der Coelen D, Aarrass S, Tang MW, Ramwadhdoebe TH, Gerlag DM, Tak PP.
Arthritis Res Ther. 2014 Aug 22;16(4):426
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Accumulating evidence suggests an important role for interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Accordingly, clinical trials aimed at blocking IL-17 have been initiated, but clinical results between patients and across different diseases have been highly variable. The objective was to determine the variability in expression of IL-17A, IL-17F and their receptors IL-17RA and IL-17RC in the synovia of patients with arthritis.
METHODS:
Synovial biopsies were obtained from patients with RA (n = 11), PsA (n = 15) and inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA, n = 14). For comparison, synovia from noninflamed knee joints (n = 7) obtained from controls were included. Frozen sections were stained for IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17RA and IL-17RC and evaluated by digital image analysis. We used confocal microscopy to determine which cells in the synovium express IL-17A and IL-17F, double-staining with CD4, CD8, CD15, CD68, CD163, CD31, von Willebrand factor, peripheral lymph node address in, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1, mast cell tryptase and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt).
RESULTS:
IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17RA and IL-17RC were abundantly expressed in synovial tissues of all patient groups. Whereas IL-17RA was present mostly in the synovial sublining, IL-17RC was abundantly expressed in the intimal lining layer. Digital image analysis showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase of only IL-17A in arthritis patients compared to noninflamed control tissues. The expression of IL-17A, IL-17F and their receptors was similar in the different patient groups, but highly variable between individual patients. CD4+ and CD8+ cells coexpressed IL-17A, and few cells coexpressed IL-17F. IL-17A and IL-17F were not expressed by CD15+ neutrophils. Mast cells were only occasionally positive for IL-17A or IL-17F. Interestingly, IL-17A and IL-17F staining was also observed in macrophages, as well as in blood vessels and lymphatics. This staining probably reflects receptor-bound cytokine staining. Many infiltrated cells were positive for the transcription factor RORγt. Colocalisation between RORγt and IL-17A and IL-17F indicates local IL-17 production.
CONCLUSIONS:
Increased expression of IL-17A is not restricted to synovial tissues of RA and PsA patients; it is also observed in inflammatory OA. The heterogeneous expression levels may explain nonresponse to anti-IL-17 therapy in subsets of patients.
・結果
Figure 1
A:免疫染色法を用いてRA滑膜組織とPsA滑膜組織におけるIL-17A、IL-17F、IL-17RA、IL-17RCを確認した。
→IL-17Aは細胞質染色パターンであった。IL-17Fはよりcellular stainingパターンであった。
B:Digital image analysisを用いて、関節炎とコントロールでIL-17A、IL-17F、IL-17RA、IL-17RCの発現を比べた。
→IL-17Aのみ有意差があった。
C:Digital image analysisを用いて、疾患間でIL-17A、IL-17F、IL-17RA、IL-17RCの発現を比べた。
→IL-17FにおいてOAとPsA間で有意差を認めた。
Figure 2
二重染色法を用いて、IL-17A、IL-17Fと細胞特異的マーカーを用いてそれらを発現している細胞の局在化を見た。
→IL-17A/CD4、IL17A/CD8、IL17A/CD68、IL17A/CD163で発現が確認された。
Figure 3
免疫染色法を用いて、滑膜組織におけるRORγtの発現を確認した。
その他(TabaleやFigureはなし)
・IL-17A、IL-17F、IL-17RA、IL-17RCの値と臨床所見(関節の腫脹・圧痛)と関連しなかった。
・IL-17RAとESR、CRPは有意差をもって相関があった(特にPsAにおいて)。
・IL-17A、IL-17Fやその受容体は同じ疾患でも組織により、発現が強いものもあれば全くないものもあった。
→この違いは治療反応性に影響しているかもしれない。
・重要なポイントはどこか?
・ユニークなポイントはどこか?
⇒RA、PsA、OAの血液だけでなく、滑膜組織を用いてもIL-17の発現を確認している。
・今後の研究展開や論文に対する検討課題
・自分なりの疑問点
⇒関節炎とコントロールではIL-16Aの発現に有意差がついているのに、疾患ごとにわけて調べると有意差がない点。それにもかかわらず、実臨床では乾癬に対してのみIL-17製剤が効果を発揮する点。
担当:西見慎一郎